A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
A
Acidity. See pH
Acrylic, 7, 13
Adobe, thermal storage value, 459
Aechmea, 183
Aeration, 316; for germination, 131; and seedling diseases, 431
African daisy. See Gerbera daisy
Ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum), 173; bloom date schedule, 166; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Air conditioners/air-conditioning, 45, 62. See also Cooling
Air-lock entry doors, 51–52
Air temperature, 45–52. See also Cooling; Heaters/heating; Temperatures
Aisles/walkways, 77–78, 86; lowering, 87
Alarms, temperature-sensing, 48
Algicides, 76
Alkalinity. See pH
Aloe vera (Aloe vera), 173–74
Alstroemeria (Alstroemeria spp.), 174; light and temperature requirements for, 102
Alyssum (Lobularia maritima), 174–75; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Amaryllis (Hippeastrum spp.), 175–76; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Amazon lily, 157
Amblyseius cucumeris (aka Neoseiulus cucumeris), 414
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Amblyseius degenerans (aka Neoseiulus degenerans), 414–15
Ammonia, 432
Anemone (Anemone coronaria), 176; bloom date schedule, 166; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Angel’s-trumpet (Datura / Brugmansia spp.), 157, 177–78
Brugmansia: B. suaveolens, 177; B. versicolor, 177; crop family, 111
Datura, 177–78; crop family, 111
suited for winter greenhouse, 167
varieties, 177
Anise, 304; crop family, 111
Anise hyssop, 305
Aphelinus abdominalis, 398, 399. See also Aphid(s)
Aphid(s), 158, 356, 357, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 388, 393, 397–400
controlling, 398–400; with parasites, 364, 398–99; with predators, 372–76, 399–400
eating, 395
problems possibly caused by, 358
protecting seedlings from, 141
varieties, 397–98
Aphid midge (Aphidoletes aphidimyza), 365, 399
Aphidius: A. colemani, 398–99; A. ervi, 398, 399
Aphidoletes aphidimyza, 365, 399
Arctic Summer. See Mullein
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Areoles, 187
Artichoke, 254–55
Associations and organizations (Appendix 1), 447–48
Aster (Aster spp.), 178; Aster x frikartii, 178; bloom date schedule, 164, 165, 167; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Ash, wood, 339–40
Autumn, 96
Avermectin B (Streptomyces avermitilis), 389–90, 408, 415
Avid. See Avermectin B
Avocado, 255–56
Azalea (Rhododendron simsii), 178–79; bloom date schedule, 165; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
B
Bachelor button. See Centaurea
Bacillus thuringiensis (BT), 386–87, 401, 402
Bacteria-based diseases, 425
Baits: pest, 393–94; slug, 412
Baking soda, spraying, 426–27
Ballasts, for HID lighting systems, 22
Banana, 156, 157, 256–58; dwarf Cavendish (Musa acuminata), 257; light and temperature requirements for, 100
Bark, 332
Barriers: slug, 412–13; sow bug, 413
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Basil, 305–6; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Bay laurel, 306
Beans, 258–60
broad, 274–75
bush, 258–59; in hanging pots, 123; layout, 108; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 169
crop family, 111
fava, 274–75; layout, 108; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 169
growing precautions for disease prevention, 260
light and temperature requirements for, 100
lima: schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 169
number of seeds per ounce, 129
planting requirements, 139
pole, 107, 258–59; layout, 108; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
pollination and, 147–48
runner: pollination and, 148
varieties, 259
vertical supports for, 259
Beauveria bassiana, 388–89, 400, 408, 415, 419
Bedding plants, bloom date schedule for, 163
Beds: draining, 88–89; filling, 89–90; ground, 70, 86, 88; layout, 107–9; peninsular, 86, 87; plant placement in, 109; raised, 70, 85–88; soil in, 352
Beet, 119, 260; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 100; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Beetle
crypto (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri), 403–4
ladybird, 373–74; Delphastus pusillus, 419, 421; Stethorus punctum, 408
problems possibly caused by, 358
Begonia (Begonia spp.), 179–80
angel-wing, 180
Begonia feastii, 180
fibrous (Begonia semperflorens), 179; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 167; spring transplanting schedule, 160
number of seeds per ounce, 129
Begonia rex, 178–79
tuberous (Begonia x tuberhybrida), 179; bloom date schedule, 163, 164
Bench(es): potting, 82, 83; propagation, 78–82
Benomyl, 428
Billbergia nutans, 183
Biological pesticides, 386–89
Biosphere 2, 442
Biostimulants, 336–37
Biotechnology, 444–45
Bird-of-paradise (Strelitzia reginae), 157, 180–81; Strelitzia nicolai, 181; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Black-eyed Susan. See Thunbergia
Blights. See Diseases, fungus-based
Blood meal, 332
Blossom(s), troubleshooting, 152; blossom drop, 152; blossom-end rot, 298
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Blue marguerite daisy. See Felicia
Bolting, 119, 121
Bonemeal, 332
Borage, 306
Bordeaux spray, 391
Boron (B), 323
BotaniGard. See Beauveria bassiana
Bottom heating, 79–80; propagation bench, 81. See also Heaters/heating
Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spp.), 107, 181–82; bloom date schedule, 164; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Brassavola orchid, 226
Brazilian plume (Justicia carnea), 213–14; Justicia brandegeana, 214; Justicia carnea alba, 214
Brick: floors, 77; thermal storage value, 459
Broccoli, 119, 121, 261; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 100; number of seeds per ounce, 129; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
Bromeliads: Aechmea, 183; Billbergia nutans, 183; Bromelia spp., 182–83; Cryptanthus, 183; Neoregelia, 183; Tillandsia, 183. See also Pineapple
Browallia (Browallia speciosa), 183–84; bloom date schedule, 165, 166, 167; number of seeds per ounce, 129; orange. See Marmalade plant
Brugmansia. See Angel’s-trumpet
Brunfelsia australis, 184
Brussels sprouts, 262; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 100; number of seeds per ounce, 129; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
BT (Bacillus thuringiensis), 386–87, 401, 402
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Bubble wrap, 50–51
Bulbs: easily forced varieties, 185; forcing process, 186–87; spring, 184–87
Burro’s tail, 249
Bush violet. See Browallia
Busy Lizzy. See Impatiens
Buttercup. See Ranunculus
Butterfly flower. See Schizanthus
C
Cabbage, 119, 262–63
Chinese, 267; crop family, 111; light and temperature requirements for, 100; number of seeds per ounce, 129
crop family, 111, 155, 121; hardened stems in, 140
flowering (Brassica oleracea), 213
harvesting, 107
layout, 108
light and temperature requirements for, 100
number of seeds per ounce, 129
planting requirements, 139
schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
Cabbage aphid, 397
Cabbage looper, 389, 400–1; controlling, 400–1
Cactus (Cactaceae), 187–89
Christmas, 188–89; bloom date schedule, 164; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
desert, 188
Easter, 188–89
forest, 188–89
night-blooming cereus, 189
Thanksgiving, 188
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Cactus scale, 410
Cages, 106
Caladium (Caladium bicolor), 189
Calceolaria: bloom date schedule, 165, 166, 167; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Calcium (Ca), 322–23
Calendula (Calendula officinalis), 189; bloom date schedule, 163, 165, 166, 167; number of seeds per ounce, 129; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Calla lily (Zantedeschia), 190–91; Zantedeschia aethiopica, 191; Zantedeschia childsiana, 191
Callistephus chinensis, 178
Callus tissue, 144–45
Camellia (Camellia spp.), 191–92; Camellia fragrans, 192; Camellia japonica, 191; Camellia sasanqua, 191–92
Campanula (Campanula spp.), 192; Campanula carpatica, 192; Campanula isophylla, 192
Canna (Canna x generalis), 192–93; Canna generalis striatus, 192
Cantaloupe, 157, 263–64; crop family, 111; layout, 108; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; pollinating, 151; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170; trellising, 104–5
Cape primrose. See Streptocarpus
Caraway, crop family, 111
Carbon dioxide, 27–30; and composting, 29–30; depletion, 27–28; enhancement, 28; increasing, 29; measuring, 66; ventilation and, 28–29. See also Photosynthesis
Carbon-monoxide detectors, 47, 49
Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus), 193–94; bloom date schedule, 163, 164; light and temperature requirements for, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129. See also Dianthus
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Carrots, 264–65; crop family, 111; harvesting, 107; layout, 108; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
Catalogs, 114–16; tips for using, 117. See also Mail order
Caterpillars, 382; green worm, 400–1; problems possibly caused by, 358
Catfacing, 298
Catnip (Nepeta cataria), 306–7
Cats, 401
Cattleya orchid, 226–27; Cattleyea labiata, 227
Cauliflower, 119, 121, 265; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 100; number of seeds per ounce, 129; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
CCA (chromated copper arsenate) treated wood, 42–44
Celery, 265; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 100; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 170
Celosia, spring transplanting schedule, 160
Centaurea (Centaurea cyanus), 194; bloom date schedule, 163, 164; Centaurea moschata, 194
Chameleons, 376
Chamomile, 307
Chard, 265–66
Chenille plant (Acalypha hispida), 157, 194–95; Acalypha pendula, 195; bloom date schedule, 166
Cherimoya, 266–67; light and temperature requirements for, 100
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Cheyenne Botanic Gardens, 437–39, 440
Chicory, light and temperature requirements for, 100
China aster. See Aster
Chinese cabbage. See Cabbage, Chinese
Chives, 267–68; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Chlorine, 38
Christmas cactus. See Cactus, Christmas
Chromated copper aresenate (CCA) treated wood, 42–44
Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum spp.), 195–96; bloom date schedule, 167; edible, 268; light and temperature requirements for, 102. See also Marguerite daisy
Chrysanthemum aphid, 397–98
Cilantro, 308; crop family, 111
Cineraria (Senecio spp.), 196; bloom date schedule, 166, 167; number of seeds per ounce, 129; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Cinnamon-based pesticides and sprays, 386, 400, 427, 408
Citrus, 157, 268–69; light and temperature requirements for, 100
Clay pots, 91–92. See also Containers
Cleome (Cleome hassleriana), 196–97; bloom date schedule, 164; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Clivia (Clivia miniata), 197
Cloning, 142
Coffee, 269–70; light and temperature requirements for, 100
Coir, 333
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Cold damage, 432
Cole. See Cabbage, crop family
Coleus (Coleus blumei), 198; Coleus pumilus, 198; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Collards, 270–71; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 100; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
Columnea (Columnea), 198–99; Columnea x banksii, 198
Community greenhouses, 436–40
Compost/composting, 333–34; carbon dioxide and, 29–30; classifying, 31; recipe, 32–33; rules, 31–32; troubleshooting, 32
Concrete: floors, 77, 88–89; thermal storage value, 459
Condensation, 9, 40, 41; avoiding and reducing, 41–42. See also Humidity
Container(s), 90–93; cleaning, 132; drainage, 92–93; fertilizing plants in, 344; flats, 133; for germinating seeds, 131; hanging, 93; paper pots, 134; peat pots, 133–34, 157–58; plastic versus clay, 91–92; plug trays, 135; recycled, 93; repotting and up-potting, 350–52; sizing, 90–91; slow-release fertilizers for, 344–45; soil blocks, 134; soil in, 346–50; for starting seeds, 132–35; Styrofoam trays, 135; vegetables in, 91, 123; washing, 360. See also Potted plants
Conventional heating, 46–47. See also Heaters/heating
Cooling/coolers: air-conditioning, 60–62; fans, 57–59; fog systems used for, 60; misting used for, 59–60; shade used for, 62–64; swamp/evaporative coolers, 60–62
Cool-weather crops, 121–22, 125–26
Copper (Cu), 323–24; and sulfur-based minerals as pesticides, 391
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea), 199
Coriander, 308; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Corky scab, 432
Cornflower. See Centaurea
Cosmos, number of seeds per ounce, 129
Cotton aphid, 398
Cotyledon undulata, 249
Cowpeas, crop family, 111
Crab cactus. See Cactus, Easter
Cracked fruit, 152; troubleshooting, 298
Cress, crop family, 111
Crocus, easily forced varieties, 185. See also Bulbs
Crop(s): families, 110, 111; maturity, 113; nutrition needs, 325; rotation, 112–13, 361, 424; succession, 155; yields, 118–19
Croton (Codiaeum variegatum), 157, 199; Codiaeum variegatum pictum, 199
Crucifers. See Cabbage, crop family
Cryptanthus, 183
Crypto beetle (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri), 403–4
Cucumber(s), 107, 271–74; crop family, 111; greenhouse varieties, 150–51; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; pollinating, 150–51; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170; spring transplanting schedule, 160; trellising, 272–73
Cuttings, 142–45; moisture for, 131, 133–34
Cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum), 199–200; bloom date schedule, 163; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Cymbidium orchid, 227
D
Daffodil, easily forced varieties, 185. See also Bulbs
Dahlia (Dahlia pinnata hybrid), 200–1; bloom date schedule, 164; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Daikon radish, 289. See also Radish
Daisy. See Felicia; Gerbera; Marguerite daisy; Swan River daisy
Damping-off, 430, 431
Datura, 177–78; crop family, 111. See also Angel’s-trumpet
Delphastus pusillus, 419, 421
Dendrobium orchids, 227–28
Design. See Interior design
Dianthus (Dianthus chinensis), 201. See also Carnation
Diatomaceous earth, 412, 413; controlling pests with, 395
Dibble, 140, 141
Diffuse/diffusing light, 6, 13
Dill, 308–9; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Dirt floors, 77; thermal storage value, 459
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Diseases/disorders, 422–34
ammonia-related, 432
bacteria, 425
biocontrol of, 428
blossom-end rot, 298
catfacing, 298
cold damage, 432
corky scab, 432
diagnosing, 356–57
early blight (Alternaria), 298
environmentally caused, 432–33
ethylene-related, 432
finger blight, 432
flower, 358
fruit cracking, 298
fungus-based, 425–26
fusarium wilt (Fusarium), 298; Fusarium oxysporum, 305–6
gray mold (Botrytis), 298
gray wall, 299
growth, 358
horticultural oils effective against, 382–83
identifying symptoms, 357, 358
leaf, 358
leaf mold (Cladosporium), 299
light-related, 433
managing, 354–434
mixed plantings used to reduce, 110, 361, 424
nitrogen oxide related, 433
nutrient-related, 433
organism-caused, 423–26
pesticide-related, 433
preventing, 424; for beans, 260; through managing environment, 434
record keeping (Appendix 8), 482–84
resistance to, 123–24, 361, 426
salt damage, 319, 320
seedlings, 430, 431
smoke-related, 433
sooty mold, 430, 356, 398
Sporothrix, 338
spraying for, 426–28
strategies for controlling, 426–28
sunscald, 433
tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), 285, 296, 299, 423
tomato, 298–99, 430; tomato spotted-wilt virus (TSWV), 414
verticillium (Verticillium), 299
virus, 423–25; tobacco mosaic, 285, 296, 299, 423; tomato spotted-wilt (TSWV), 414
watering-related, 433
wind-related, 433
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Dividing orchids, 225
Dogs, 401
Doors, air-lock entry, 51–52
Downy mildew, 429. See also Mildew
Drainage, 3, 88–89; container, 92–93; problems possibly caused by, 358; soil, 317–18
Dusts, controlling pests with, 395
E
Early blight (Alternaria), 298
Easter cactus. See Cactus, Easter
Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum), 201–2
Edible plants: avoiding nitrate accumulations in, 121–22; light and temperature requirements for, 100–2; pesticides compatible with, 369–71. See also Fruits; Herbs; Vegetables; individual entries
Eggplant, 274; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; pollinating, 148–49; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Electricity: electric heating, 47–48; electrical needs for HID systems, 22; safety considerations, 70–71. See also Heaters/heating
Elongation, 17
Encarsia formosa, 369, 381, 390, 394, 416–19, 440–41
Endive, light and temperature requirements for, 101
Enstar. See Kinoprene-based pestides
EPCOT, 441–42
Epiphytes, 182, 224. See also Bromeliads; Orchids
Epsom salts, 340
Equipment: fertilizer, 327–28; spraying, 377–78. See also Gadgets/gizmos; Tools
Eretmocerus eremicus, 421
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Ethylene-related diseases, 432
Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), 10
Euphorbia family, 249. See also Poinsettia; Succulents
Evaporative coolers, 60–62
Exolite® UVT, 12
Experts, types of, 68
F
Fall, 96. See also Seasons
Fans, 28, 29; cooling, 57–59; design considerations, 76–77; safety considerations, 71
Feijoa, 275–76
Felicia (Felicia amelloides), 202; bloom date schedule, 164
Feltiella acarisuga, 408
Fennel, 309; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Fern scale, 410
Ferns, staghorn (Platycerium bifurcatum), 245–46
Fertilizing/fertilizers, 325–26
diseases related to, 433; in seedlings, 431
equipment, 327–28
foliar feeding, 327–28
injectors, 327
numbers, 326
organic, 325–26
plants in containers, 344
problems possibly caused by, 358
safety considerations, 71
seedlings, 158; diseases related to, 431
slow-release, for containers, 344–45
tomatoes, 297
See also Nutrients
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Fiberglass, 7–8, 13; shade cloth, 63; for water storage, 73, 74
Fig, 154, 157, 276–77; light and temperature requirements for, 101
Finger blight, 432
Fire resistance, 11
Fish emulsion, 334
Flaming Katie. See Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Flats, 133
Flies
fruit, 389
greenhouse whitefly, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 388, 389, 393, 416–20; controlling, 369, 416–20; Encarsia formosa used to control, 369, 416–19; problems possibly caused by, 358
sweet potato whitefly (silverleaf), 420–21
syrphid (hover), 375–76
Floors, 3, 77
Floss flower. See Ageratum
Flour-dust plant. See Kalanchoe pumila
Flowering, reasons for, 146
Flowering tobacco. See Nicotiana
Flowers/flowering ornamentals, 172–253; “biological clocks,” 154; greenhouse varieties, 125; light and temperature requirements for, 102; male and female, 147; in mixed plantings with vegetables, 111–12; number of seeds per ounce, 129; nutrition needs, 325; physiology, 147; schedule for year-round blooms, 163–67; starting, 130. See also Ornamental plants; individual varieties
Fluorescent lights, 18–20, 82
Fluoridated water, 38
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Fog systems, 60
Foliar feeding, 327–28
Foot-candles, 14–16, 23; values, 15–16
Forcing, 126; cucumbers, 150–51; process, 186–87; selecting bulbs for, 185
Foundations, 2–3; insulation/insulating, 3, 5, 50
Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea x ‘Foxy’), 202–3; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Foxglove aphid, 398
Frames, kit, 4
Freesia (Freesia refracta), 203; bloom date schedule, 166, 167; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Freeze-outs, 394–95
Fruit(s), 254–302
nutrition needs, 325
troubleshooting: cracked, 152; immature, 152; misshapen, 152; rotting, 152; set, 152
See also individual entries
Fruit flies, 389
Fruit rot, 429; troubleshooting, 152
Fruit set, troubleshooting, 152
Fuchsia (Fuchsia spp.), 203–4; bloom date schedule, 164, 167
Fungicides, 422–23; chemical, 428
Fungus: beneficial (Beauveria bassiana), 388–89, 400, 408, 415, 419; controlled by copper-and sulfur-based minerals, 391; diseases, 425–26. See also Diseases/disorders
Fungus gnat, 401–2; controlling, 401–2
Fusarium wilt (Fusarium), 298; Fusarium oxysporum, 305–6
G
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Gadgets/gizmos, evaluating, 67. See also Equipment; Tools
Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides), 157, 204; bloom date schedule, 164, 167
Gardens, pest control in versus greenhouses, 362
Garlic, 309–10; crop family, 111; in homemade insecticide, 380–81; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170
Gases, venting, 46–47
Gels, water-absorbing, 343
Geranium(s) (Pelargonium), 205–6; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165, 166; garden or zonal (Pelargonium x hortorum), 205; ivy (Pelargonium peltatum), 205–6; Martha Washington (Pelargonium domesticum or Grandiflora hybrids), 206; number of seeds per ounce, 129; scented, 206; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Gerbera daisy (Gerbera jamesonii), 206–7; bloom date schedule, 166; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Germination, 130–38; after, 136–37
GFI (Ground Fault Interrupter) outlets, 71
Glass: glazing, 8–9; low-e, 8. See also Glazing
Glazing, 3–4, 7–14; acrylic, 7, 13; choosing, 10, 11; double and triple, 50–51; ease of application, 11; energy efficiency, 11; fiberglass, 7–8, 13; glass, 8–9; hail damage to, 8, 9, 13; high technology, 443–44; life span, 11; overhead, 95; plant growth affected by, 12–13; polycarbonate, 6, 9, 13,444; polyethylene films, 9–10, 13; R-values, 458–59
Globe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa), 207–8; bloom date schedule, 165
Gloves, 378
Gloxinia (Sinningia speciosa), 208; bloom date schedule, 163, 165
Gnat. See Fungus gnat
Goggles, 378
Golden-trumpet vine (Allamanda cathartica), 107, 208–9
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Goldfish plant. See Columnea
Gomphrena, 207–8
Grapes, 107
Grasshoppers: eating, 395; problems possibly caused by, 358
Gravel floors, 77
Gray mold (Botrytis), 298
Gray wall, 299
Gray water, 39; using, 39
Green lacewings. See Lacewings, green
Green peach aphid, 398
Green worm, 400–1
Greenhouse(s)
affected by biotechnology, 444–45
books on constructing, 6
bringing outdoor plants into, 159–61
community, 436–40
cool, schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting in, 169–70
cooling and ventilating, 54–64
defining areas in, 71–72
designing and building, 2–7
do-it-yourself, 5–7
evaluating gadgets/gizmos for, 67
floors, 3, 77
foundations, 2–3; insulation/insulating, 3, 5, 50
future of, 435–45
high technology, 443–44
as home-production unit, 435–36
interior design, 69–93
kits, 4–5
layouts, 107–9
measuring light in, 14–16
microclimates in, 97, 98–99
mulch in, 352–53
nonsolar, water as thermal mass in, 75–76
optimizing energy and efficiency in, 153–54
ornamental flowering plants grown in, 161–62; for cool winter, 253
pest control in versus gardens, 362
plant placement in, 97–99, 109
plants developed for, 125; cucumbers, 150–51; snapdragons, 244
potting area, 82–83
preventing diseases in, 434
safety considerations, 70–71
schedule for year-round blooms in, 163–67
shading, 62–64
shelves, 83–84
solar-heated, 40–52; growing areas in, 85; optimizing energy and efficiency in, 153–54; plants for, 120–22; water as thermal mass in, 72–75, 460; in winter, 155–56
space used effectively in, 103–7
starting plants in, 157–59
in summer, 156–57
vegetables grown in, 162
visualizing/planning, 69–73
warm, schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting vegetables, 168–69
weather equipment for, 64–67
wheelchair accessible, 78
world hunger addressed by, 443
See also Greenhouse varieties; Solar greenhouses
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Greenhouse varieties, 125; cucumbers, 150–51; snapdragons, 244
Ground beds, 70, 86, 88
Ground Fault Interrupter (GFI) outlets, 71
Growing areas, 85
Growing Edge magazine, 25
Growing seasons, 153–71
Growth, 12–13, 15; and carbon dioxide, 27–28; photoperiods and, 13–14; regulators, 390
Guava, 157
Gypsum, 340
H
Hail damage, 8, 9, 11
Hanging pots, 93; bush beans in, 123
Hard water, 38
Hardened stems, 140
Hardening off, 159
Harvesting, 107, 109, 155; mixed plantings, 111
Heat: for cuttings, 144; latent, 73–74; tolerance, 120–21. See also Heaters/heating
Heat Mirror®, 8
Heaters/heating, backup plans, 48–50; conventional, 46–47; electric, 47–48; kerosene, 49; heating mats, 54, 79–80; nonventing, 46, 49; radiant, 47; safety considerations, 71; sizing, 47. See also Solar heating
Heating mats, 54, 79–80
Heirloom seeds, 118
Herbs, 302–14; crop family, 111; cultivating, 303; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; processing and using, 303–4; spring transplanting schedule, 160. See also Edible plants. See also individual entries
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Hibiscus (Hibiscus spp.), 209; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
HID (high-intensity discharge) lamps, 20–25. See also HID lighting systems
HID (high-intensity discharge) lighting systems, 20–25; ballasts, 22; drawbacks and other considerations, 22–23; electrical needs, 22; increasing efficiency of, 23–24; light bulbs, 21–22; light movers, 23; mixing bulbs in, 24; sizing, 24–25. See also HID lamps
High-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, 21
Honeydew, 356, 398
Horsetail tea, spraying, 427
Horticultural oils, 382–83, 40, 403, 404, 408, 411, 415, 421; homemade, 383, 400
Hose, 36
Hot Pepper Wax Insect Repellent. See Pepper-based pesticides
Hover fly, 375–76
Hoya (Hoya carnosa), 209–10; Hoya longifolia, 210
HPS (high-pressure sodium) lamps, 21
Humidity, 39–45; for cuttings, 144, 145; and disease prevention, 434; for IPM (integrated pest management), 365; high, troubleshooting, 44; low, 44–45; measuring, 65–66; propagation bench, 81; for seedlings, 136; winter, 97; wood and, 42–44, 62. See also Condensation; Fog systems; Misting; Swamp coolers
Husk tomato. See Tomatillo
Hyacinth: bloom date schedule, 166; easily forced varieties, 185; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Hybrids: advantages and disadvantages, 116–18; seeds, 128, 130
Hydroponics, 328–31; advantages, 329; disadvantages, 329–30; setups, 330–31
Hygrometers, 38, 40
Hypoaspis miles, 413, 415
Hyssop, anise, 305
I
Impatiens (Impatiens spp.), 210; bloom date schedule, 165, 167; Impatiens repens, 210; New Guinea, 210; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Incandescent lights, 18
Injectors, fertilizer, 327
Inorganic soil amendments, 340–42
Insecticidal soaps, 381–82, 403, 404, 408, 421, homemade, 382
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Insecticides. See Pesticides; individual entries
Insects: beneficial, pesticides compatible with, 369, 370; mixed plantings used to reduce, 110, 361; resistance to, 124–25; screening, 59. See also Pests
Insulation/insulating: foundations, 3, 5, 50; night curtain, 52; Styrofoam, 49; walls, 50
Integrated pest management. See IPM
Interior design, 69–93; aisles and floors, 77–78; comfort considerations, 69–70; defining areas, 71–72; fans and vents, 76–77; interior surface considerations, 72; light and shade considerations, 72; mixing garden and leisure space, 84–85; planting options, 85–93; potting area, 82–83; propagation bench, 78–82; safety considerations, 70–71; screens, 77; shelves, 83–84; thermal mass considerations, 72–76
IPM (integrated pest management), 359–71; background, 363; beneficial insects used in, 364, 365–68, 369; components of, 361; humidity, 365; sprays, 368–71; temperature, 365
Iris, Iris reticulata, 185; easily forced varieties, 185
Iron (Fe), 324
Iron phosphate, 412
J
Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), 107, 157; bloom date schedule, 16, 211–124; Jasminum humile, 211; Jasminum nitidum, 211; Jasminum officinale, 211; Jasminum polyanthum, 211; Jasminum x stephanense, 211; Jasminum tortuosum, 211; suited for winter greenhouse, 167; Trachelospermum jasminoides, 211
Joseph’s Coat. See Croton
K
Kaffir lily (Clivia miniata), 197
Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe spp.) 212; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165; Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, 212; Kalanchoe daigremontiana, 212; Kalanchoe mortagei, 212; Kalanchoe pinnata, 212; Kalanchoe pumila, 212; Kalanchoe tomentosa, 212; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Kale, 277
crop family, 111
flowering (Brassica oleracea), 213; bloom date schedule, 166; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
layout, 108
light and temperature requirements for, 101
number of seeds per ounce, 129
planting requirements, 139
schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Kerosene heaters, 49
King’s crown (Justicia carnea), 213–14; Justicia brandegeana, 214; Justicia carnea alba, 214
Kingfisher daisy. See Felicia
Kinoprene-based pesticides, 390–91, 419
Kit greenhouses, 4–5
Kohlrabi, 121, 277–78; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
L
Lacewing, green (Chrysoperla carnea and C. rufilabris), 372–73, 399, 404, 411; controlling greenhouse whiteflies with, 419
Ladybug, 373–74, 399; Delphastus pusillus, 419, 421; Stethorus punctum, 408
Lady’s-Slipper orchid. See Paphiopedilum orchids
Larkspur (Consolida ambigua), 214; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Latent heat, 73–74
Lavender, 310; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Layouts, 107–9
LD-50 number, 380, 384
Leafhoppers, 385, 403; controlling, 403
Leaf miner, 382, 384, 385, 389, 402–3; controlling, 402–3; problems possibly caused by, 358
Leaf mold (Cladosporium), 299, 334–35
Leaf rot, 429
Leaf spots, 429. See also Diseases, fungus-based
Leaves, water and, 37
Leeks, crop family, 111; light and temperature requirements for, 101
Lemon(s), 269. See also Citrus
Lemon balm, 310
Leptomastix dactylopii, 404
Lettuce, 121, 278–81
Bibb, 279–80
harvesting, 107
iceberg, 280
insects and, 124
layout, 108
leaf, 279
light and temperature requirements for, 101
number of seeds per ounce, 129
planting requirements, 139
Romaine, 279, 280
schedule: for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170; for spring transplanting, 160
varieties, 278–79; with lower nitrate accumulation, 122
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Light
average percent possible sunshine by state (Appendix 2), 449–53
diffusing, 6, 13
diseases related to, 433; seedling, 431
foot-candles, 14–16
improving, 16
low, 16, 18, 25–27
lumens, 14–15
lux, 15
measuring, 14–16
movers, 23
plant growth affected by, 12–13, 15
problems possibly caused by, 358
requirements: for cut flowers, 102; for edible plants, 100–2; for germination, 132; for seedlings, 136
summer, 94–96
supplementary, 17–27
transmission, 11
ultraviolet, 10, 12
See also Lighting/lighting systems
Light bulbs, HID, 21–22; mixing types of, 24
Light meters, 15–16
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Lighting/lighting systems, 17–27; duration, 25; fluorescent, 18–20, 82; HID (high-intensity discharge), 20–25; incandescent, 18; microwave, 25; propagation bench, 81, 82
Lily. See Calla lily; Easter lily; Kaffir lily
Limes, 269. See also Citrus
Limestone, 340–41
Lindorus lophanthae, 410
Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), 214–15; bloom date schedule, 166, 167
Living stones, 249
Lizards, 376
Lobelia (Lobelia tenuior), 215; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Low light, 16, 18, 25–27
Low-e glass, 8
Luffa squash, 292. See also Squash, winter
Lumens, 14–15
Lupine, bloom date schedule, 166
Lux, 15
M
Madagascar palm, 249
Magnesium (Mg), 323
Magnifying glass, 355
Mail-order
catalogs, 114–16; tips for using, 117
pest control (Appendix 3), 454–57
plants (Appendix 5), 461–65
seeds (Appendix 6), 466–70
supplies (Appendix 7), 471–77
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Malathion. See Pesticides, synthetic
Malope (Malvaceae trifida), 215–16; bloom date schedule, 166; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Mandevilla (Mandevilla spp.) , 107, 216; Mandevilla boliviensis, 216; Mandevilla sanderi, 216; Mandevilla x amabilis, 216; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Manganese (Mn), 324
Manure, 335–36; teas, 335–36
Maple, flowering (Abutilon megapotamicum), 216–17; bloom date schedule, 164; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Marguerite daisy: Anthemis tinctoria, 217; bloom date schedule, 164; Chrysanthemum frutescens, 217; suited for winter greenhouse, 167. See also Felicia
Marigold (Tagetes spp.), 217–18
African, 217; bloom date schedule, 163
bloom date schedule, 164, 165
controlling nemotodes with, 409
French, 217
Mexican or sweet-scented. See Root beer plant
number of seeds per ounce, 129
spring transplanting schedule, 160
Marmalade plant (Streptosolen jamesonii), 218
Mats, heating, 54, 79–80
Maturity, 146
Mealybug, 381, 382, 383, 384, 388, 403–5; controlling, 403–5; problems possibly caused by, 358
Measuring: carbon dioxide, 66; foundations, 2–3; humidity, 65–66; light, 14–16; temperatures, 64–65
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Melon(s), 157
cantaloupe, 157, 263–64; crop family, 111; layout, 108; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; pollinating, 151; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168, 170; trellising, 104–5
crop family, 111
muskmelon, 263–64
pollinating, 151
spring transplanting schedule, 160
watermelon, 107, 302; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Melon aphid, 398
Mesoseiulus longipes, 407
Metal halide (MH) lamps, 21
Metaphycus helvolus, 410
MH (metal halide) lamps, 21
Mice, 405
Microbes, soil, 319
Microbial enhancements, 336–37
Microbial pesticides, 386–89; Bacillus thuringiensis and B. t. israeliensis, 386–87, 401, 402
Microclimate: definition, 96; greenhouse, 98, 97–99; rules, 99; winter, 96–97
Micronutrients, 321, 323–24; chelated, 342–43. See also Boron (B); Copper (Cu); Iron (Fe); Manganese (Mn); Molybdenum (Mo); Nutrients; Silicon; Zinc (Zn)
Microwave lights, 25
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Midge: aphid midge (Aphidoletes aphidimyza), 365, 399; Feltiella acarisuga, 408
Mildew
downy, 429
powdery, 124, 429; cinnamon used to control, 386; garlic and, 380
See also Diseases, fungus-based
Milk, spraying, 426
Milk thistle, 310
Millipedes, 405–6
Mimosa, crop family, 111
Mimulus (Mimulus x hybridus), 218; bloom date schedule, 166; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Mina (Mina lobata), 107, 219; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165
Minerals
copper (Cu), 323–24; pesticides with, 391
sulfur (S), 323; controlling mites with, 408–9; pesticides with, 391; sprays, 427–28
Mint, 310–11; crop family, 111; varieties, 311
Minute pirate bug (Orius insidiosus), 415
Miracle products and stimulants, 337
Misting, 36, 45, 79; for cooling, 59–60; for cuttings, 144, 145; seedlings, 141; systems, 80, 81–82; timers, 80, 81
Mites, 382, 386
Amblyseius: A. cucumeris (aka Neoseiulus cucumeris), 414
Amblyseius degenerans (aka Neoseiulus degenerans), 414–15
beneficial, 406–8; controllings thrips with, 414–15; Hypoaspis miles, 402; Hypoaspis miles, 413
controlling, 406–9
Hypoaspis miles, 415
Mesoseiulus longipes, 407
Noeseiulus californicus, 407–8
Phytoseiulus macropilus, 408
Phytoseiulus persimilis, 407
spider, 381, 383, 385, 388, 389, 391, 406–9; problems possibly caused by, 358
two-spotted, 406–9
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Mixed plantings, 109–12, 361, 424
Moisture: for seeds, seedlings, and cuttings, 131, 133–34; soil’s ability to hold, 317
Mold: gray (Botrytis), 298; leaf (Cladosporium), 299; sooty, 430, 356, 398
Molybdenum (Mo), 324
Monkey flower. See Mimulus
Monopodial plants, 225
Moon lily. See Datura
Morning glory (Ipomoea), 107, 219–20; bloom date schedule, 164, 165; greenhouse-grown, 12; Ipomoea nil, 219; Ipomoea purpurea, 219; Ipomoea tricolor, 219
Mother of Hundreds. See Kalanchoe mortagei
Mounting systems, polycarbonate, 11
Mulch/mulching: disadvantages, 413; in greenhouses, 352–53
Mullein (Verbascum bombyciferum), 220–21; bloom date schedule, 165; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Muskmelon, 263–64
Mustard: crop family, 111; greens, 101
N
Narcissus: bloom date schedule, 166; easily forced varieties, 185
Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), 107, 221–22; bloom date schedule, 166; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Neem-based pesticides, 384–8, 403, 415, 419
Nematodes, 409; beneficial, 411, 413; controlling, 409; parasitic (Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, and Heterorhabditis), 387–88, 401–2, 404, 411
Nemesia (Nemesia strumosa), 222; bloom date schedule, 163, 166, 167; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Neoregelia, 183
Neoseiulus cucumeris (aka Amblyseius cucumeris), 414
Neoseiulus degenerans (aka Amblyseius degenerans), 414–15
New Alchemy Institute, 122
New Zealand spinach. See Spinach, New Zealand
Nicotiana (Nicotiana spp.), 222–23; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Nicotine: pesticides with, 386; tea, 380, 385
Night-blooming cereus, 189
Night curtain, 52
Nitrates, avoiding accumulations of, 121–22
Nitrogen (N), 321, 322, 326, 356, 400. See also Fertilizers; Nutrients; Soil amendments
Nitrogen oxides, 433
Noeseiulus californicus, 407–8
Nonventing heaters, 46, 49
Nozzles, 34, 36–37, 59–60; cleaning, 378
Nutrients: diseases related to, 433; for germination, 132; imbalance, 356; soil and plant, 320–25. See also Calcium (Ca); Fertilizers; Magnesium (Mg); Micronutrients; Nitrogen (N); Phosphorus (P); Potassium (K); Silicon; Soil amendments; Sulfur (S)
O
Okra, 281–82; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; pollination and, 148; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Oleander (Nerium oleander), 223
Oncidium orchid, 228
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Onion(s), 282–83
bulbs: layout, 108; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
bunching, 283
green, 282–83; layout, 108
greens, schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
light and temperature requirements for, 101
multiplier, 283
number of seeds per ounce, 129
onion family, 111
photoperiods and, 14
planting requirements, 139
spring transplanting schedule, 160
Oranges, 268–69. See also Citrus
Orchids
Brassavola, 226; B. nodosa, 226
Cattleya, 226–27
cinnamon used as pesticide on, 386
Cymbidium, 227
Dendrobium, 227–28; D. aggregatum, 227–28; D. nobile, 227–28
epiphytes, 224, 225
monopodial, 225
Oncidium, 228
(Orchidaceae), 223–32
Paphiopedilum, 228–29
Phalaenopsis, 229
sympodial, 225
terrestrials, 224, 225
troubleshooting, 230–32
Vanda, 229–30; terete types, 230
vanilla (Planifolia fragrans), 230
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Oregano, 311
Organic fertilizers, 325–26
Organic soil amendments, 332–40
Ornamental plants, 157, 172–253
best suited for cool winter greenhouse, 167, 253
for cut flowers, 252–53
growing in greenhouses, 161–62
fragrant, 253
transplanting, 158; schedule, 158
with unusual or colorful leaves, 253
vining, 252
See also individual entries
Overwatering, 35, 97. See also Watering
Oxalis (Oxalis spp.), 232
P
Pachypodiums, 249
Painted tongue. See Salpiglossis
Palm(s); date (Roebelenii), 233; fan (Chamaerops humilis or Livistona chinensis), 233; lady (Rhapis excelsa), 233; Madagascar, 249; (Palmae), 232–33; sago (Cycas revoluta), 232–33
Panda plant. See Kalanchoe tomentosa
Pansy (Viola x wittrockiana), 233–34; bloom date schedule, 163, 165, 166, 167; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Papaya, 283–84
Paper pots, 134
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Paphiopedilum orchid, 228–29
Parasites
aphids controlled by, 398–99
beneficial, 364, 365, 369, 398–99; controlling scale with, 410
Encarsia formosa, 369, 381, 390, 394, 416–19, 440–41
Eretmocerus eremicus, 421
Lindorus lophathae, 410
Metaphycus helvolus, 410
mites, 413
nematodes (Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, and Heterorhabditis), 387–88, 401–2, 404
See also Predators, beneficial
Parsley, 311–12; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Parsnips, light and temperature requirements for, 101
Passionflower, (Passiflora spp.), 107, 157, 234–35; Passiflora actinia, 234; Passiflora edulis, 234; Passiflora x alatocaerulea, 234
PBO (piperonyl butoxide), 393
Peas, 107, 119, 121, 284–85; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; pollination and, 148; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Peat moss, 337–39; peat humus, 339; sphagnum, 337–38
Peat pots, 133–34, 157–58
Pencil plants, 249
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Peninsular beds, 86, 87
Pentas (Pentas lanceolata), 235
Pepper(s), 285–86; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; pollination and, 148; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170; spring transplanting schedule, 160; varieties, 285, 286
Pepper-based pesticides, 385–86, 400, 403, 405, 408, 415, 421
Perennials, 162; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Perlite, 341
Peruvian lily. See Alstroemeria
Pest control: mail order (Appendix 3), 454–57; trends, 440–41
Pesticides
alternative, 380–89
aphid, 400
Avermectin B (Streptomyces avermitilis), 389–90, 408, 415
botanically based, 383–86
chemical/synthetic, 376–77, 392
cinnamon-based, 386, 400
compatibility: with beneficial insects, 369, 370; with edible crops, 369–71
copper- and sulfur-based minerals as, 391
diseases related to, 433
growth regulators, 390
homemade, 380–81
horticultural oils, 382–83, 40, 403, 404, 408, 411, 415, 421
hot pepper-based, 385–86, 400, 403, 405, 408, 408, 415, 421
insecticidal soaps, 381–82, 403, 404, 408, 421
kinoprene-based, 390–91, 419
LD-50 number, 380, 384
microbial and biological, 386–89
naturally based, 389–92
neem-based, 384–85, 403, 415, 419
nicotine-based, 386
pyrethrin-based, 383–84, 40, 403, 404–5, 408, 415, 419, 421
rayania-based, 384
rotenone-based, 384
sabadilla-based, 384
safety, 378–80; considerations, 71
synthetic, 376–77, 392
systemic, 392
See also Pests; Sprays
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Pests, 158, 159, 396–421
baits and traps, 393–94
beneficial, 364, 365–68, 369, 398
controlling/managing, 354–434: in greenhouses versus gardens, 362; with beneficial insects, 364, 365–68, 369; with diatomaceous earth, 395; with dusts, 395; with freeze-outs, 394–95; with integrated pest management (IPM), 359–71; with sprays, 376–80; strategies, 357–59; with water, 391–92; without sprays, 393–95
eating, 395
identifying, 396–97
predators that eat multiple, 371–76
record keeping (Appendix 8), 482–84
resistance to, 124–25, 361
on roses, 241
steps for minimizing, 360–61
symptoms of, 357, 358
See also Aphids; Cabbage looper; Fungus gnat; Leaf miners; Leafhopper; Mealybug; Mice; Millipedes; Mites; Nematodes; Pesticides; Pets; Scale; Slugs; Snails; Sow bugs; Thrips
Petunia (Petunia x hybrida), 154, 235; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165; crop family, 111; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
pH, 318–19; scale, 318
Phalaenopsis orchid, 229
Phlox, number of seeds per ounce, 129
Phosphate: colloidal, 341; rock, 341; super, 341
Phosphorus (P), 321, 322, 326. See also Fertilizers; Nutrients; Soil amendments
Photoperiods/photoperiodism, 13–14, 25, 154; incandescent lights and, 18
Photosynthesis, 12–13, 27; aiding, 16; incandescent lights and, 18. See also Carbon dioxide
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Phytoseiulus macropilus, 408
Phytoseiulus persimilis, 407
Pill bugs, 395, 413; controlling, 413
Pineapple, 286–87. See also Bromeliads
Pineapple guava. See Feijoa
Pineapple sage (Salvia elegans), 236; bloom date schedule, 164; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), 393
Planning, 69–73
Plant growth, 12–13, 15; and carbon dioxide, 27–28; photoperiods and, 13–14
Planting
depth: for germination, 132, 136; and seedling diseases, 431
mixed/integrated, 109–12, 361, 424
patterns, 107–13
record keeping (Appendix 8), 480–81
very tiny seeds, 137
Plants: “biological clocks,” 154; developed for greenhouses, 125; disease-resistant, 426; for solar-heated and cool-winter greenhouses, 120–22; growing for outside, 157–59; inspecting, 355; low light’s effect on, 18; mail order (Appendix 5), 461–65; monopodial 225; moving from outdoors into greenhouse, 159–61; nutrients for, 320–25; nutrition needs, 325; ordering, 115; propagating, 127–45; rooting, 142–45; selecting, 114–26; spacing, 16, 103, 107–9, 431; staking, 106–7; starting, 157–58; sympodial 225; tall versus bushy, 122–23; trellising, 103–6; winter-loving, 125–26. See also Edible plants; Flowers; Ornamental plants; Tropical plants; Vegetables; individual varieties
Plastic packs, 133, 135. See also Containers
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Plastic pots, 91–92. See also Containers
Plug trays, 135. See also Containers
Plumbago (Plumbago auriculata), 107, 236
Pocketbook plant (Calceolaria crenatiflora), 236–37
Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima), 237–38; bloom date schedule, 165
Polka-dot plant (Hypoestes phyllostachya), 238; bloom date schedule, 165, 166
Pollination, 146–52; artificial, 151; methods, 147–51; of tropical and subtropical plants, 151–52; optimum conditions for, 146–47; troubleshooting, 152
Polycarbonate: glazing, 6, 9, 13, 444; mounting system, 11
Polyethylene films, 9–10, 13
Polymers, water-absorbing, 343
Poor man’s orchid. See Schizanthus
Poppy (Papaveraceae spp.), 238–39; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167; Iceland (Papaver nudicaule), 238; Oriental (Papaver orientale), 238; Papaver somniferum, 238; shirley (Papaver rhoeas), 238; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Portulaca, spring transplanting schedule, 160
Pot marigold. See Calendula
Potassium (K), 321, 322, 326. See also Fertilizers; Nutrients; Soil amendments
Potato, 287; crop family, 111. See also Sweet potato
Potato aphid, 398
Potato starch, 427
Potted plants, 90–93; in raised beds, 86. See also Containers
Potting benches, 82, 83
Potting soil, 346–50; commercial, 347–48; customizing, 349–50; homemade, 348–50; recipe, 349. See also Soil
Powdery mildew, 124, 429; cinnamon used to control, 386; garlic and, 380
Prairie gentian. See Lisianthus
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Praying mantis, 374
Predators, beneficial, 364, 399–400; controlling scale with , 411; controlling slugs with, 412; crypto beetle (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri), 403–4; green lacewings (Chrysoperla carnea and C. rufilabris), 372–73; Hypoaspis miles, 402; ladybug or ladybird beetle, 373–74; mites, 406–8; multiple pests, 371–76; praying mantis, 374; spiders, 374–75; Stethorus punctum, 408; syrphid or hover fly, 375–76; toads, chameleons, lizards, salamanders, and snakes, 376; wasps (Leptomastix dactylopii), 404. See also Parasites
Primrose (Primula spp.), 239; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165, 166; Primula malacoides, 239; Primula obconica, 239; Primula sinensis, 239; suited for winter greenhouse, 167. See also Streptocarpus (cape primrose)
Primula. See Primrose
Propagation, 127–45; with cuttings, 142–45; seed, 128, 130
Propagation bench, 78–82; setting up, 81
Pruning, tomatoes, 297, 300–1
Pseudostem, 257
Pumpkin, 292; crop family, 111. See also Squash, winter
Purslane, 288
Pyrethrin-based pesticides, 383–84, 40, 403, 404–5, 408, 415, 419, 421
Pyrethroids, 383–84
Q
Quamoclit vine. See Mina
Queen’s tears. See Billbergia nutans
R
R-values, 458–59
Radiant heating, 47. See also Heaters/heating
Radish, 288–89; crop family, 111; Daikon, 289; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 101; number of seeds per ounce, 129; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Rainwater, 39
Raised beds, 70, 85–88; constructing, 85, 87–88; trellising in, 103
Ranunculus (Ranunculus asiaticus), 239–40; bloom date schedule, 163, 166, 167; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Rayania-based pesticides, 384
Record keeping (Appendix 8), 478–84
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Red Riding Hood. See Mandevilla sanderi
Reflective surfaces, 23–24, 72; increasing, 25–27
Repotting, 350–52; orchids, 225–26; process, 351
Respirator mask, 356, 378
Rock floors, 77
Rock wool, 341–42
Rondeletia (Rondeletia spp.), 240; Rondeletia leucophylla, 240; Rondeletia splendens, 240
Root beer plant (Tagetes lucida), 312
Root rot, 429–30
Rooting, 142–45
Rooting powder, 142–43
Roots: care requirements, 315–53; root rot, 429–30; seedling, 140–41
Rose (Rosa spp.), 240–41; greenhouse-grown, 12; light and temperature requirements for, 102
Rose aphid, 398
Rosemary, 312–13; crop family, 111; number of seeds per ounce, 129
Rot(s): leaf, stem, and fruit, 429; root, 429–30. See also Diseases, fungus-based
Rotenone-based pesticides, 384
Rubbing alcohol, controlling mealybugs with, 405
Rusts. See Fungus-based diseases
Rutabaga: crop family, 111; light and temperature requirements for, 101
S
Sabadilla-based pesticides, 384
Safety, 70–71; with sprays, 378–80
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Sage, 313; crop family, 111. See also Pineapple sage
Salamanders, 376
Salpiglossis (Salpiglossis sinuata), 242; crop family, 111; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Salt: damage, 319, 320; Epsom, 340; and seedling diseases, 431; in soil, 319
Salvia (Salvia farinacea), 242–43; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Sand, 342; thermal storage value, 459
Sawdust, 339
Scab, corky, 432
Scale, 381, 382, 409–11
black, 410
brown, 410
cactus, 410
controlling, 410–11
fern, 410
long brown, 410
problems possibly caused by, 358
varieties, 410
Scallions, crop family, 111. See also Onions, green
Schedule(s): bloom date, 163–67; for planting, growing, and harvesting vegetables, 168–70; ornamental spring transplant, 160; vegetable spring transplant, 160
Scheduling, 153–71
Schizanthus (Schizanthus x wisetonensis), 243; bloom date schedule, 164, 165, 166, 167
Screens: design considerations, 77; vent, 59
Sea lavender. See Statice
Seasons: cool, 154–55; greenhouse, 94–97, 154–57; greenhouse; warm, 154–55
Security, 11
Seedlings: diseases, 430, 431; light for, 136; moisture for, 131, 133–34; roots, 140–41; starting, 157–58; transplanting, 138, 140–41
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Seeds: age of, and seedling diseases, 431; heirloom, 118; hybrid, 118, 128, 130; mail order (Appendix 6), 466–70; number per ounce, 129; ordering, 115–16; planting and germinating, 130–38; propagating, 128, 130; sowing, 135–36; storing, 130; very tiny, 137; viability, 128
Sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica), 243–44
Sewage sludge, 339
Shade cloth, fiberglass, 63
Shading, 16; compound, 53; drawbacks of, 64; greenhouses, 62–64; tall plants, 96
Shallots, crop family, 111
Shelves, 83–84
Shrimp plant (Justicia brandegeana or Beloperone guttata), 244; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Shungiku. See Chrysanthemum, edible
Shut-off valves, 37
Shutters, vent, 58
Silicon (N), 321, 325; spraying, 427
Silver Lining. See Mullein
Silverleaf (sweet potato whitefly), 420–21
Sinks, 83
Siphons, fertilizer, 327
Site orientation, 52
Sludge, 339
Slugs, 376, 385, 395, 411–13; controlling, 412–13; problems possibly caused by, 358; protecting seedlings from, 141
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Smoke, diseases related to, 433
Snails, 411–13; controlling, 412–13; problems possibly caused by, 358
Snakes, 376
Snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus), 154, 160–61, 244–45; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167; forcing snaps, 244; light and temperature requirements for, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Soft water, 38
Soil
aeration, 316
in beds, 352
in containers, 346–50
and disease prevention, 434
as thermal mass, 87
clay, 89
for cuttings, 144
drainage, 88–89, 317–18
filling beds with, 89–90
for germinating seeds, 131
maintaining, 344–50
microbes, 319
moisture-holding ability, 317
nutrients for, 320–25
orchid, 224
organic matter, 317
salt in, 319
salty, 89
and seedling diseases, 431
sterile, 346–47; for starting seeds, 132
temperature, 52–54; fertilizer uptake affected by, 343; for germination, 131, 139
testing for watering, 35–36
thermometers, 53, 66
warming, 53
“year-round,” 316
See also Potting soil; Soil amendments
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Soil amendments, 331–43
bark, 332
blood meal, 332
bonemeal, 332
chelated micronutrients, 342–43
coir, 333
compost, 333–34
Epsom salts, 340
fish emulsion, 334
gypsum, 340
inorganic, 340–42
leaf mold, 334–35
limestone, 340–41
manure, 335–36
microbial enhancements and biostimulants, 336–37
miracle products and stimulants, 337
organic, 332–40
peat moss, 337–39
perlite, 341
phosphate: colloidal, 341; rock, 341; super, 341
polymers and gels, 343
rock wool, 341–42
sand, 342
sawdust, 339
sewage sludge, 339
vermiculite, 342
wood ash, 339–40
Soil blocks, 134
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Solar greenhouses, 40–52; growing areas, 85; in winter, 155–56; optimizing energy and efficiency in, 153–54; plants for, 120–22; water as thermal mass in, 72–75, 460; in winter, 155–56
Solar heating, 40–52; for kit greenhouses, 4–5; thermal storage, 51. See also Thermal mass
Solar-rights laws, 15
Solenoid valve, 81
Sooty mold, 356, 398, 430. See also Mold
Sorrel, 289
Sow bugs, 395, 413; controlling, 413
Sowing: direct, 137–38; seeds, 135–36; tools, 136; very tiny seeds, 137
Spacing (plant), 16, 103, 107–9; and disease prevention, 434; and seedling diseases, 431; seeds, 132–33, 135–36
Spanish flag. See Mina
Sphagnum peat moss, 337–38
Spider flower. See Cleome
Spider mites, 381, 383, 388, 389, 391, 406–9; problems possibly caused by, 358
Spiders, 374–75
Spinach, 119, 289–90
crop family, 111
harvesting, 107
layout, 108
light and temperature requirements for, 101
New Zealand, 107, 281; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170; trellising, 105
number of seeds per ounce, 129
planting requirements, 139
schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Sporothrix, 338
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Sprays/spraying
adjuvants and additives, 392–93
alternative, 380–89
baking soda, 426–27
Bordeaux, 391
chemical/synthetic, 376–77
cinnamon, 427
for controlling: aphids, 400; fungus gnats,
402; greenhouse whiteflies, 419–20; mealybugs, 404–5; mites, 408–9; pests, 376–80; slugs, 412; sweet potato whiteflies, 421; thrips, 415
for diseases, 426–27
equipment, 377–78
homemade, 380–81
IPM, 368–71
LD-50 number, 380, 384
milk, 426
nontoxic, 426–28
potato starch, 427
procedure, 379
safety, 378–80
silicon, 427
spreader-stickers used in, 392—93
sulfur, 427–28
vinegar, 426
See also Pesticides
Spring, 96
transplanting, 158–59; schedule for ornamental plants, 158; schedule for vegetables, 161
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Squash, 157
number of seeds per ounce, 129
pollinating, 149–50
spring transplanting schedule, 160
summer, 107, 290–91; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 102; schedule for
planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170; trellising, 105; varieties, 290
winter, 107, 291–92; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 102; Luffa, 292; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170; varieties, 291–92
See also individual entries
Staghorn fern (Platycerium bifurcatum), 245–46
Staking, 106–7
Star jasmine. See Trachelospermum jasminoides
Starting, 157–58
Statice (Limonium sinuatum), 246; bloom date schedule, 164, 165
Steel, thermal storage value, 459
Steinernema feltiae, 411
Stem hardening, 140
Stem rot, 429
Stethorus punctum, 408
Stimulants, 337; biostimulants, 336–37
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Stock (Matthiola incana), 246–47; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167; crop family, 111; evening-scented (Matthiola longipetala), 247; light and temperature requirements for, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Stone, thermal storage value, 459
Strawberries, 292–93; photoperiods and, 14
Streptocarpus (Streptocarpus x hybridus), 247–48
Streptomyces avermitilis, 389
Stress, 357; flowering triggered by, 146
String of beads, 249
Styrofoam: insulation, 49; trays, 135
Succulents, 187 248–49
Sulfur (S), 323; and copper-based minerals as pesticides, 391; controlling mites with, 408–9; sprays, 427–28
Summer, 94–96; growing in, 156–57
Sun angles, 94–96
Sunscald, 433
Sunshine, average percent possible by state (Appendix 2), 449–53
Supplies, mail order (Appendix 7), 471–77
Swamp coolers, 45, 60–62
Swan River daisy (Brachycome iberidifolia), 249; bloom date schedule, 164, 165
Sweet alyssum. See Alyssum
Sweet pea (Lathyrus odoratus), 107, 249–50; bloom date schedule, 163, 164, 166, 167; crop family, 111; light and temperature requirements for, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Sweet potato, 287–88; light and temperature requirements for, 102
Sweet potato vine (Ipomoea batatas), 219
Sweet potato whitefly (silverleaf), 420–21
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Swiss chard, 119, 265–66; crop family, 111; harvesting, 107; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 102; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Sympodial plants, 225
Symptoms, identifying, 358
Syrphid fly, 375–76
T
Tarragon, 313–14. See also Root beer plant (Mexican or winter tarragon)
Tea plant, 293–94
Teas: horsetail, 427; manure, 335–36; nicotine, 380, 385; willow, 143–44
Temperature
air, 45–52
and disease prevention, 434
for IPM (integrated pest management), 365
greenhouse, 155
heat tolerance, 120–21
night, 162
pollination, 147
problems possibly caused by, 358
requirements: for cut flowers, 102; for edible plants, 100–2
soil, 52–54; effect on fertilizer uptake, 343; for germination, 131, 139
water, 39; raising, 40
winter, 96–97
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Temperature-sensing alarms, 48
Thanksgiving cactus. See Cactus
Thermal mass, 72–76; in nonsolar greenhouses, 72–75; in solar greenhouses, 72–75, 460; soil as, 87; suggested amounts, 460
Thermal storage, 51; values, 459
Thermometer, 65; placement, 65; soil, 53 66; types of, 64–65
Thermostat, 57, 58; heating mat, 80
Thinning, 137–38
Thrips, 381, 382, 384, 385, 388, 393, 413–16; controlling, 414–16; problems possibly caused by, 358
Thunbergia (Thunbergia alata), 107, 251; bloom date schedule, 166; suited for winter greenhouse, 167
Thyme, 314; number of seeds per ounce, 129; varieties, 314
Tillandsia, 183
Timers, misting, 80
TMV (tobacco mosaic virus), 285, 296, 299, 423
Toads, 376
Tobacco: controlling fungus gnats with, 402; crop family, 111; effect of when transplanting, 140. See also Nicotiana; Nicotine
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), 285, 296, 299, 423
Tomatillo, 294
Tomato(es), 107, 153, 155, 157, 294–301; bush, layout, 108; crop family, 111; determinate, 123, 295; disease resistance abbreviations, 296; diseases and disorders, 298–99, 430; indeterminate, 123, 295–301; light and temperature requirements for, 16, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; pollinating, 148; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170; spring transplanting schedule, 160; transplanted, 158; trellising, 105; vining, layout, 108. See also Tomatillo
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Tomato cages, 106
Tomato spotted-wilt virus (TSWV), 414
Tools: sowing, 136; transplanting, 140–41. See also Equipment; Gadgets/gizmos
Trachelospermum jasminoides, 211
Transplant shock, avoiding, 134
Transplanting, 138, 140–41
ornamental plants, 158
schedule: for ornamental plants, 158; for vegetables, 160
spring, 158–59
tobacco and, 140
tools, 140–41
vegetables, 159
winter, 126
Transvaal daisy. See Gerbera daisy
Traps, sticky, 393–94, 415; controlling greenhouse whiteflies with, 420
Trellising, 103–6; cucumbers, 272–73; horizontal, 106; plants suitable for, 107
Tropical plants: growing in summer, 156, 157; pollinating, 151–52; starting, 130. See also individual entries
TSWV (tomato spotted-wilt virus), 414
Tulip: bloom date schedule, 166; easily forced varieties, 185
Turnip, 301–2; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 102; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
U
U-values, 458
Ultraviolet light, 10, 12; produced by MH lamps, 21
Up-potting, 350–52; process, 351
V
Vacuuming, controlling greenhouse whiteflies with, 420
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Valves, solenoid, 81
Vanda orchid, 229–30; terete types, 230
Vanilla orchid (Planifolia fragrans), 230
Vegetables, 254–302
with complete flowers, 147–49
in containers, 91
greenhouse varieties, 125, 150–51
growing in greenhouses, 162; cool-winter, 121–22
with incomplete flowers, 149–51
light needed by, 15
in mixed plantings, 109–12, 424; with flowers, 111–12
number of seeds per ounce, 129
nutrition needs, 325
planting requirements, 139
schedule: for planting, growing, and harvesting, 168–70; spring transplanting, 160
selecting, 118–20
starting, 130
tall versus bushy, 122–23
transplanting, 159; schedule for spring, 160
See also Edible plants; individual entries
Vent openers, 56–57
Ventilation/ventilating, 55–57; carbon dioxide and, 28–29; heating and, 46–47
Vents, 55–57, 58, 59; design considerations, 76–77; screening, 59
Venus’s flytrap (Dionaea muscipula), 251–52
Verbena, number of seeds per ounce, 129
Vermiculite, 342
Verticillium (Verticillium), 299
Vinegar, spraying, 426
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Viola, number of seeds per ounce, 129
Virus: diseases caused by, 423–25; tobacco mosaic, 285, 296, 299, 423; tomato spotted-wilt virus (TSWV), 414. See also Diseases/disorders
W
Walkways, 77–78, 86; lowering, 87
Walls, insulating, 50
Wasps
Aphidius: A. abdominalis, 398, 399; A. colemani, 398–99; A. ervi, 398, 399
beneficial, 364, 399
Encarsia formosa, 369, 381, 390, 394, 416–19, 440–41
Eretmocerus eremicus, 421
Leptomastix dactylopii, 404
Water drums/storage, 38; care of, 76; for thermal mass, 72–73, 75, 460; for thermal storage, 51; purchasing, 76; warm, 53, 54
Water/watering, 33–39, 158
basics, 35–36
before transplanting, 140
for controlling: pests, 391–92; thrips, 416
and disease prevention, 434
diseases related to, 433
gray, 39
hand, 34, 36–38
latent heat of, 73–74
overwatering, 35, 97
problems possibly caused by, 358
quality, 38–39
and seedling diseases, 431
systems, 37–38
temperature, 39; raising, 40
testing soil for, 35–36
thermal storage value, 459
warm, 52–53
when to, 33–34
See also Thermal mass; Thermal storage; Water drums/storage
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Water-absorbing polymers and gels, 343
Watermelon, 107, 302; crop family, 111; layout, 108; light and temperature requirements for, 102; number of seeds per ounce, 129; planting requirements, 139; schedule for planting, growing, and harvesting, 169, 170
Wax plant. See hoya
Weather: equipment, 64–66; predicting, 66–67; radios, 66
Weather-stripping, 51, 56
Weeds, 422
Weep holes, 89
Weevils, problems possibly caused by, 358
Wheelbarrows, 86, 87
Wheelchair access, 78
Whitefly
greenhouse, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 388, 389, 393, 416–20; controlling, 416–20; Encarsia formosa used to control, 369; problems possibly caused by, 358
sweet potato (silverleaf), 420–21
Willow tea, 143–44
Wilting. See Fungus-based diseases
Wind damage, 433
Windflower. See Anemone
Winter, 96–97; growing in, 155–56; ornamental flowers and plants best suited for greenhouse in, 167, 253; plants for cool greenhouses in, 120–22; plants needing, 125–26
INDEX To the book: Greenhouse Gardener’s Companion
Wood: ash, 339–40; floors, 77; humidity and, 42–44, 62; raised beds built from, 85, 87; thermal storage value, 459; treated with CCA (chromated copper arsenate), 42–44
Wood stoves, 48, 49
X
Y
Yesterday, today, and tomorrow. See Brunfelsia australis
Yields, 118–19
Z
Zinc (Zn), 324
Zinnia (Zinnia spp.), 252; bloom date schedule, 164, 165, 166; number of seeds per ounce, 129; spring transplanting schedule, 160
Zucchini, 290–91. See also Squash, summer